From Bradley Mitchell,
Your Guide to Wireless / Networking.
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A. The measure of computer network performance is commonly given in units of bits per second (bps). This quantity can represent either an actual data rate or a theoretical limit to available network bandwidth.

Modern networks support very large numbers of bits per second. Instead of quoting 10,000 bps or 100,000 bps, networkers normally express these quantities in terms of larger quantities like "kilobits," "megabits," and "gigabits."

The following equations define the mathematics behind these terms:

• 1 Kbps = 1 kbps = 1 kilobit per second = 1,000 bits per second
• 1 Mbps = 1,000 Kbps
• 1 Gbps = 1,000 Mbps

In networking, both "kbps" with a lowercase 'k' and "Kbps" with an uppercase 'K' can be used interchangeably.

Technically, network speed can also be expressed in units of bytes per second, abbreviated as "Bps" with a capital 'B'. Use of these quantities is discouraged in networking to avoid confusion with the bits per second standard:

• 1 KBps = 1 kBps = 1 kilobyte per second = 8,000 bits per second

The conventions used for measuring the capacity of computer disks and memory might appear similar at first to those for networks. Do not confuse these conventions.

Capacity is normally measured in units of "kilobytes," "megabytes," and "gigabytes." In this non-network usage, 'K' represents a multiplier of 1,024 and 'k' represents a multiplier of 1,000 capacity. The following equations define the mathematics behind these terms:

• 1 KB = 1,024 bytes
• 1 kB = 1,000 bytes
• 1 MB = 1,024 KB
• 1 GB = 1,024 MB